<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ Серия «Философия. Социология. Искусствоведение»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU BULLETIN. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6401</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-6401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2073-6401-2018-3-84-91</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">philosophy-202</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ЭМПИРИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу о создании Центрального парка культуры и отдыха им. М. Горького: историко-социологический аспект</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On creation of Gorky Central Park for Culture and Leisure. Sociological aspect</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Угрехелидзе</surname><given-names>Елена А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ugrekhelidze</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант</p><p>Москва, 125993, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>graduate student</p><p>bld. 6, Miusskaya sq., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">8994236@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Угрехелидзе Е.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Угрехелидзе Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ugrekhelidze E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://philosophy.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/202">https://philosophy.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/202</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предпринята попытка осмысления истории создания Центрального парка культуры и отдыха им. А.М. Горького в рамках мероприятий «культурной революции». Автор характеризует Москву 1920–1930-х гг. как «крестьянскую метрополию», сделавшую запрос на освоение городской культуры. Руководством страны была утверждена концепция парков как «комбинатов культуры». В результате широкой общественной дискуссии в 1928 г. открылся первый Парк культуры на Крымском валу, посетители которого были не только сторонними наблюдателями, но и активными участниками развлекательных, образовательных и спортивных программ. Автор показывает, что на протяжении 1930-х гг. в Парке проводились регулярные опросы посетителей с целью изучения их социального состава, а также потребностей и интересов. По результатам данных опросов корректировались проводимые в нем мероприятия, устанавливались льготы для определенных категорий населения (например, стахановцев и ударников труда). В заключении сделан вывод о том, что социальный эксперимент по созданию Парка культуры и отдыха стал продуктом слияния государственной политики «культурной революции», новых веяний градостроительства, озеленения городов и мощного социального запроса со стороны населения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article attempts to think through creation history of Gorky Central Park for Culture and Leisure during the “cultural revolution” in the Soviet Union. The author describes Moscow in the 1920–1930s as “peasant metropolis” which made a request for the development of urban culture. The leadership of the country approved the concept of parks as “cultural complexes”. The result of a wide public discussion was opening of Gorky Central Park for Culture and Leisure in Krymsky Val in 1928. First Park visitors were not only outside observers, but also active participants in entertainment, educational and sports programs. The author shows that during the 1930s the Park conducted regular social surveys of visitors. The purpose of the surveys was to study the social composition, as well as the needs and interests of visitors. According to the results of those surveys events held in it were modified, privileges were established for certain categories of the population (for example, Stakhanovites and labor overachivers).</p><p>The conclusion of the article claims that creation of Gorky Central Park for Culture and Leisure as a large social experiment was the product of merging the state policy of “cultural revolution”, new trends in the urban planning and greening, and a powerful social demand from the citizens.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>СССР</kwd><kwd>культурная революция</kwd><kwd>парки культуры и отдыха</kwd><kwd>массовая культура</kwd><kwd>досуг</kwd><kwd>советское общество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Soviet Union</kwd><kwd>Cultural Revolution</kwd><kwd>Park’s of Culture and Leisure</kwd><kwd>Mass culture</kwd><kwd>Leisure</kwd><kwd>Soviet society</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лунц Л.Б. Успехи и недостатки зеленого строительства // Строительство Москвы. 1940. № 11–12. С. 46–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lunts LB. Successes and disadvantages of green construction. Stroitel’stvo Moskvy. 1940;11-12:46-52. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глан Б.Н. Пойдемте в парк: Беседа с Б. Глан // Вечерняя Москва. 1936. 10 мая.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glan BN. Let’s go to the park. A conversation with B. Glan. Vechernyaya Moskva. 1936 May 10 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hildermeier M. Geschichte der Sowjetunion, 1917–1991: Entstehung und Niedergang des ersten sozialistischen Staates. München, 1998. 286 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hildermeier M. Geschichte der Sowjetunion, 1917–1991: Entstehung und Niedergang des ersten sozialistischen Staates. Munchen, 1998. 286 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bittner S.V. Green cities and orderly streets: space and culture in Moscow. 1928– 1933 // Journal of Urban History. 1998. Vol. 25 (1). P. 22–56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bittner SV. Green cities and orderly streets: space and culture in Moscow. 1928– 1933. Journal of Urban History. 1998;25:22-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Colton Т.J. Moscow: governing the socialist metropolis. Cambridge; London, 1995. 412 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Colton ТJ. Moscow: governing the socialist metropolis. Cambridge; London, 1995. 412 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffman D. Peasant metropolis: social identities in Moscow, 1929–1941. Ithaca; London, 1994. 352 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoffman D. Peasant metropolis: social identities in Moscow, 1929–1941. Ithaca; London, 1994. 352 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Луначарский А.В. Гордость пролетарской Москвы // Рабочая Москва. 1928. 15 июня.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lunacharskii AV. Pride of proletarian Moscow. Rabochaya Moskva. 1928. June 15. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Правда. 1928. 14 авг.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pravda. Moscow. 1928 Aug. 14. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Писаревский Д. Парки культуры и отдыха. М., 1940. 200 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pisarevskii D. Parks of Culture and Leisure. Moscow: Moskovskii rabochii Publ.; 1940. 200 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный архив Российской Федерации. Ф. 5451. Оп. 17. Д. 479. Л. 6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">State Archive of the Russian Federation. Fond 5451. opis’ 17. Delo 479. List 6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
