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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">philosophy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник РГГУ Серия «Философия. Социология. Искусствоведение»</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RSUH/RGGU BULLETIN. Series Philosophy. Social Studies. Art Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6401</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2073-6401</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.28995/2073-6401-2019-8-248-261</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">philosophy-277</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ. ИСТОРИЯ ФИЛОСОФИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Контингентность технологии и сильная программа Дональда Маккензи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contingency of technology and strong program of Donald MacKenzie</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зволев</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvolev</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай П. Зволев, аспирант</p><p>ГСП-3, 125993, Москва, Миусская пл., д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nilolai P. Zvolev, postgraduate student</p><p>bld. 6, Miusskaya Square, Moscow, GSP-3, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gilein@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>(часть2)</issue-title><fpage>248</fpage><lpage>261</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зволев Н.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зволев Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zvolev N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://philosophy.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/277">https://philosophy.rsuh.ru/jour/article/view/277</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена идее контингентности технологического развития, представленной в работах Дональда Ангуса Маккензи. С его точки зрения, главная задача в социологических исследованиях технологического развития должна быть изменена с рассмотрения его сквозь призму «естественной траектории» на понимание развития как результата социального конструирования. В этом смысле конструирование понимается не как целенаправленное влияние общества на технологический прогресс, а как сложное переплетение различных интересов и ожиданий, которое, скорее, формирует горизонт желаемого развития, чем просто его планирует. Также Маккензи полагает, что экономические подходы к изучению техники должны стать более открытыми для влияния социологических идей. Такие понятия, как технологический детерминизм или естественная траектория развития, ограничивают потенциал как фирм, так и научных исследований. Учитывая сложность и неопределенность техники, необходимо использовать новые методы для ее изучения. Так, этнобухгалтерия, согласно Маккензи, может пролить свет на то, как фирмы соотносят прибыль и затраты на НИОКР в разных регионах мира, а значит, она может обогатить как социологическое, так и экономическое понимание техники. Характеризуя подход Маккензи, в целом можно заключить, что он строится на обширном эмпирическом материале, а сам автор делает ставку на открытость к новым подходам и проблемам, комбинируя их в определенный бриколаж, представляющий собой образец междисциплинарного исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article deal with the idea of contingency in technological development as it presented in works of Donald Angus MacKenzie. From his point of view, the main focus in sociological studies of technological development should be shifted from understanding it through the lenses of “natural trajectories” to grasp it as a result of social construction. In this sense, construction is understood not as the purposeful influence of society on technological progress, but as a complex interweaving of various interests and expectations, which, rather, forms the horizon of the desired development, than merely planning it. Also, MacKenzie supposes that economic approaches to the study of technology should become more open to the influence of sociological ideas. Such concepts as technological determinism or the natural trajectory of development limit the potential of both firms and scientific research. Given the complexity and uncertainty of technology, it is necessary to use new methods to study it. Thus, according to MacKenzie, the “ethnoaccountancy” can shed light on how firms correlate profits and R &amp; D costs in different regions of the world, which means it can enrich both sociological and economic understanding of technology. Describing the approach of MacKenzie as a whole, one can conclude that it is based on extensive empirical material, while the author himself relies on openness to new approaches and issues, combining them into a specific bricolage, which is a model of interdisciplinary research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>контингентность</kwd><kwd>технология</kwd><kwd>социальное конструирование</kwd><kwd>естественная траектория</kwd><kwd>этнобухгалтерия</kwd><kwd>Маркс</kwd><kwd>Маккензи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>contingency</kwd><kwd>technology</kwd><kwd>social construction</kwd><kwd>natural trajectory</kwd><kwd>ethnoaccountancy</kwd><kwd>Marx</kwd><kwd>MacKenzie</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Блур 2002 – Блур Д. Сильная программа в социологии знания // Логос. 2002. Т. 5. № 6. 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