The significance of S.S. Averintsev’s interpretation of Oedipus’s guilt lies in Oedipus’s later role as a hero of subjectivity. Oedipus is the man who first experienced the tragic collision of subjectivity and overcame it: it is precisely this Hegelian postulate that Averintsev addresses. The discovery of myth by modern man and his constitution of his own myth of history form the basis of the “question of the archetypal”. Formulated in this way, the problem is directly linked to the participation of modernist thought in the intellectual and political dramas of the twentieth century. The myth must be elucidated and transformed into a symbolic (i. e., historical) narrative, relying on the presumption of the symbol’s original transcending capacity. In this sense, the article on Oedipus is a continuation of that logic of self-transcendence found in myth, which also proves to be the semantics of history. This presumption is a supporting element of Averintsev’s theology, which is embedded in his cultural-historical research.