Social policy in the field of childhood (1919–1945) as a manifestation of the social contract

Abstract

The article deals with the implementation of social policy in the field of childhood during the period of political, economic and social transformations of Russian society from 1919 to 1945. The analysis considers two time periods – from 1919 to 1929 and from 1930 to 1945. The main groups of children targeted by the State’s social policy during the period under review included street children, orphans, children deprived of the opportunity to study at school, refugee children, i. e. the so-called deprived groups. It is shown which decisions of the Soviet government were crucial for supporting the most socially vulnerable groups.