The article deals with the issue of understanding in the classical, non-classical and post-non-classical traditions and their realization in understanding of mathematics. The understanding of mathematics is considered on the example of the works of L. Wittgenstein and J. Deleuze. For the nonclassical author Wittgenstein, mathematics is a rule-based activity akin to the language game. Deleuze did not write directly about mathematics, but we can take his idea of the autonomy of discourse, its independence from the subject. Senses appear by themselves in the play of other senses. It happens not through intuition and not through the game of the subject, but through the interaction of the senses themselves. Mathematics has its own plane of immanence: mathematical discourse. A comparison is made between the ideas of Deleuze and those of the fictionalist H. Field: it is shown that Field could as well speak about the discourse. However, the question of the ontological status of logic (as opposed to mathematics) remains open. It is impossible to solve it in the non-classical theories of understanding. The Wigner’s question about the effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences also remains open.

The article deals with the pandemic as an episode of intellectual history and a situation of reflection against the background of the “death of an intellectual”. The author proposes to question the very conditions of the possibility for philosophy’s response to the challenge of this or that current crisis in principle and the coronavirus pandemic in particular. The question is closely related to the phenomenon of the Intellectual, the crisis of which was announced by French researchers about forty years ago. Today one can talk about the simulation of its role and place in modern “reactions”, about the objective historical impossibility of reviving this figure and its inherent form of expression. The issue is considered based on the material of French intellectual history and criticism of the “media intellectual”. The starting point of the analysis is the political crisis in France in 2019, which falsely revived the forgotten structure of “intellectuals and power”. The author of the article draws attention to the similarity of the intellectual “calm” (reflexive inertia) of 1941 and 2021, suggesting to recall those forms of reflection that were involved by A. Malraux, J.-P. Sartre, J. Paulhan, M. Merleau-Ponty. The “reactions” of certain French intellectuals caused by the coronavirus crisis – E. Moren, R. Debray, J.-L. Nancy, B. Latour – reproduced in the article in the light of the interpretation of the pandemic as a “reductive situation” (M. Mamardashvily) with its inherent moralizing and neo-mania (R. Barthes). The author finds it problematic to appeal to criticism in the face of the “terror of the event” (M. Merleau-Ponty). Intellectuals themselves are a rare extinct phenomenon, which is important to consider in anticipation of their “response” in the face of the threat of a pandemic.

The article considers the question of the state influencing the development of Soviet philosophy, using the materials of the 1947 discussion over G.F. Alexandrov’s book “History of West-European Philosophy” as an example. It focuses on the main aspects of the party principle in philosophy as the main line of expression of the state influence. The paper outlines the peculiarities of the practical expression of the party principle, as well as the specific conditions of philosophical activity in the USSR associated with the state influence, which are reflected in the materials of the discussion. The issues of perception in philosophy as an ideological weapon used for governmental purposes, as well as a means for solution of urgent tasks facing the society are reviewed. The article also considers a question of understanding the role of historical and philosophical studies in their relation to the tasks of the state. Using the example of debates on Hegel’s philosophy the author demonstrates the practice of referring to the classics of Marxism-Leninism in defense of contradictory opinions, as well as the possibility of revising earlier adopted attitudes if new instructions come from the state leaders. Furthermore he touches upon the question of the use of state influence for the internal struggle of philosophical groups in the USSR.

The issues of legitimizing the political regime are of particular importance in the conditions of transitional societies, when the preservation of the sustainable development trend becomes the most important condition and basis for the preservation of national security. The subject of the article is the legitimization of political power due to the level of trust and loyalty of the Russian population to a number of socio-political institutions at the present stage. The analysis of the data of monitoring studies conducted at the ISPR of the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences allowed the author to state
That in society there remains a significant gap between trust in the institution of presidential and parliamentary power, and that a high level of distancing from government institutions and moderate loyalty associated with the need to maintain formal “order” are reproduced at a low level of trust. Given that the public legitimacy of the Russian political system is based on the president’s ratings, which retain a high potential, it can be assumed that the pseudoalternative election model will be preserved in the near future. At the same time, the dynamics of the level of trust and sympathy for a number of political institutions suggests the limit of opportunities for growth in the existing conditions of a system with a limited role of parties, what both reduces the space of free political discourse and limits the possibility of choice for citizens, which will threaten the legitimacy of the political regime.

The article considers the attitude to work and the Russian employees labour motivation. Work ranks fourth in the list of value orientations after family, health and material prosperity. The ideas about the motives of work in Russia are contradictory, but the “culture of work” still prevails in Russia. The trends of changes in the motivation and necessity of work among young people and among people with higher education are revealed. Remuneration takes the first place among all the motives, it is important for all Russian employees, regardless of the employment field. In groups of intellectuals (scientists, university professors, doctors), interest in work is a powerful motive. Among doctors and university teachers, then comes the usefulness of work for society. For all other groups of workers working conditions and proximity of work to the place of residence prevail.

Education has a significant impact on work motivation. For people with higher and incomplete higher education, the meaningful and status motives are important. Material motives and working conditions dominate the motivation of workers with primary and secondary education.

In private enterprises, employees are more likely to indicate a motive for remuneration. State-owned enterprises employees are more focused on the interest in work. State clinics doctors emphasized the usefulness of their work for society.

The ongoing process of the world globalization is having an increasing impact on Russia. The leading countries of the West world are trying to impose their political and economic views, moral and moral values, which negatively affects primarily youth and their participation in the activities of youth organizations. The spread of the coronavirus pandemic, which has an increasing impact on various aspects of the socio-political situation in Russia and the activities of both government and public structures, adds to the negative.

The article considers issues of influence of consequences of pandemic of coronavirus on participation of young people in activities of youth social organizations, taking into account peculiarities of the value orientations of modern youth,. It analyzes “quarantine” forms of protest activity, their impact on the socio-political situation in the country. There are definitions for directions of the authorities efforts preventing the development of destructive manifestations in the protest activities of youth public organizations.

The article covers the current situation with Russian film festivals. The author has developed a typology of film festivals, which contributed to the development of criteria for collecting up-to-date information about such festivals and creating a fresh database. It describes the social profile of the Russian film festival movement indicating the number of active festivals divided by different types along with the dynamics of their growth / decrease from 2019 to 2021. The author provides with a detailed description of the types and subtypes of movie festivals and categorizes them by the level of importance for filmmakers from various spheres as well as by the principles of their business operation and functioning.
Another focus of the article is on the structure of the Russian festival movement and the dynamics of its change over the last three years together with certain adaptation strategies. In the last part of the article the author shows the analysis of the prominent filmmakers‘ opinions about the role of film festivals for the audience and for the industry.

This article is a review of the collective monograph “Precarious employment. Origins, criteria, features” prepared by staff-fellows of the Sociology Faculty of the Russian State University for the Humanities. The monograph covers the criteria of precarious employment and the specifics of precariousness in the fields of industry, construction, transport, culture, education, health care, science, and agriculture. Some chapters describe certain aspects of precariousness: hidden forms of remuneration, manifestations of precariousness in the production organization, etc.

Albrecht Dürer is often considered one of the key German Renaissance painters and it is the reason, why different aspects of Dürer’s art and its formation continue to be immensely significant for researchers. In that regard, it is important to refer to the origins of Dürer’s art.
The influence of the Venetian masters cannot be underestimated, which becomes apparent after his first trip to Italy in the mid-1490s. Also, a significant factor in Dürer’s formation as a painter was his encounter with Dutch art, what is represented in a number of his works. During his travel as a journeyman Albrecht Dürer could visit in Bruges the workshop of Memling, a key Dutch master. The first scientist who formulated that hypothesis was German researcher Hans Evers in 1972, and since then a number of publications have appeared that study both the social and historical context of Bruges and the cities Dürer visited, as well as analyze the similarities and differences in the artistic style of early Dürer and the works of Netherland painters. The purpose of the article is to summarize existing arguments and adding new ones in favor of Dürer’s visiting of Memling’s workshop in the beginning of 1490th.

The article considers the distinctive architectural features of the complexes of the Ural factories at the beginning of the 19th century in the context of the spread of Classicist architecture in Russia. It highlights the main reasons for the mass restructuring of factories in the region at the beginning of the 19th century – the dilapidation depletion of wooden structures, the fire hazard of factory buildings and the depletion of wood resources for new buildings. The connection between the Ural factory architectural tradition and the tradition of Moscow and St. Petersburg is indicated. On the example of the Kamensk and Votkinsk factories, the author marks distinctive regional features of the application of the style to factory buildings and analyzes their similar features by using the example of those typical buildings, summarizing it all in general trends such as avarice in the use of decorative techniques, ensemble character, and a utilitarian combination of all buildings, taking into account the established regional industrial traditions in order to optimize production.

The article analyzes how the Spanish film director J. Val del Omar, with assistance of associative montage of symbolic and allegorical images, created a complete narrative with a specific storyline in the film “Water-Mirror of Granada” (1955). The storyline is interpreted by the author of the article as a visualization at the figurative and metaphorical level of the initiatory spiritual path of human being. It is noted that such an approach formally unites the montage method of J. Val del Omar with principles of the Soviet montage school of the 1920s and 1930s. In contrast to the clearly expressed political and ideological orientation of Soviet cinema, the content of the works of J. Val del Omar has an ambiguous religious and symbolic character, due to both the personal preferences of the film director and the censorship requirements of the era of the authoritarian Franco regime. The article also analyzes the role of the systems of film sound accompaniment and multi-screen film projection invented by J. Val del Omar, which allow to “wake up” the viewer’s personal memory, providing with possibility to supplement the author’s semantics with own interpretation, thereby enhancing the effects of associative montage.