The paper focuses on the phenomenological status of an affective response to the imaginary in Husserl’s and Sartre’s works. Initially Husserl supposed that intentional objects of phantasy and perception may be identical. In turn, an imagination (fantasy) can substantiate affective acts, that is, the imaginary can become the subject of an emotional reaction. Along with fantasies, which are only the background of our conscious life, there are such ones in which we “live”, being absorbed in a fantasized object “to self-forgetfulness”.

The feelings aimed at the imaginary may in the case seem no different from the real ones. R. Hopkins considers that position as reasonable, and the point of view of Sartre, who asserts the opposite, as vulnerable. However the article shows that both Husserl and Sartre discovered that affectivity plays its role even in the perceptual objects constitution.

The image, according to Sartre, is constituted entirely by means of affectivity and knowledge, in connection with which it is characterized by “essential poverty”, that is, it is impossible to learn anything new from the image.

Earlier, Husserl came to the conclusion about a radical difference between objects of fantasy and perception, changing his original opinion. A fantasized object is quasi-seen because it isn’t given as actually present and feelings directed to it undergo modification and represent a “quasi-feeling”. Sartre follows Husserl’s way and claims that affective acts related to the imaginary are rather enacted than experienced since they have neither the independence nor the inexhaustibility of the real. There is nothing in fantasied object to feed the feeling consequently it becomes more abstract and finally disappears.

The article analyzes the ideal from the position of antipsychologism (objectivism), which is opposed to psychologism. The proponents of psychologism attributed the ideal only to the mind of an individual. Objectivists considered the existence of the ideal not only in the mind of a separate individual, but also outside of it, as a rule, allocating their own area for it in reality. But the objectivists also understood the objective existence of the ideal differently. E. Husserl connected the ideal with the pure laws of logic and mathematics, comprehended intuitively. G. Frege extended the ideal, including the laws of nature, linking it with the meaning of the sentence. He also formulated the concept of three regions of reality, including the ideal. K. Popper extended the ideal to cultural objects and also introduced the principles of evolutionism into the world of the ideal. M. A. Lifshits connected the ideal with all objects, both the natural and cultural. He pointed to the activity of the ideal in relation to the subject. E.V. Ilyenkov understood the ideal not as an abstract image, but as a form (scheme) of human activity in the rational transformation of the reality objects revealed in social practice. He believed that the ideal exists objectively in the forms of social consciousness.

The article analyzes the concept of the Panopticon and panoptic space, developed in the 18^th century by Samuel and Jeremy Bentham. The popular image of the “mechanism” is presented as one of the “monsters” of dystopian thought, similar to “Big Brother”. Contrary to the original idea, the Panopticon and panoptic architecture in general have become synonymous with the exploitation and suppression of the will of human beings. The historical context of the appearance of the Panopticon concept and its philosophical core are considered. There are two “insights” that reveal the immanent connection of two elements of social life – the power and knowledge. In the concept of the Panopticon, the role of the cognizing gaze in the named connection, as an act of domination and control, was captured and reflected. In an era of accomplished digital expansion, when surveillance practices have become a mass phenomenon, the Panopticon can and should be rethought. It is shown that, contrary to popular beliefs, the “insights” of the Panopticon can become a “road map” for informational civilization. A culture, in which the imperative gaze has become a mass phenomenon, needs its own “panoptic” tools that can protect people from the abuse of power by the anti-panoptic overseers of the 21^st century.

The article introduces readers to “Vanishing Theory”, a book by Russian philosopher Aleksandr Smulyanskii, which the author himself considers as a new Introduction into underestimated structuralist’s conceptions (M. Foucault, J. Lacan, J. Derrida), and also as a handbook (tutorial) for their timely and correct reception. The author of the review agrees with the main message of the publication in question – the imaginary opposite of structuralism/post-structuralism is unproductive, recalling the alternative name of the phenomenon: “generalized structuralism”. The reviewer draws attention to the original author’s analysis of the “secular” and “public” in the “Confession” by J.-J. Rousseau, formally associated with the Derrida method. In no way marked in the annotations for the publication, the specific features of the “Vanishing Theory” are explained by the fact that it is based on the material of the lectures given by the author. The reviewer believes that the perception of the book in question is complicated by the unexplained form of the author’s narration (speech, lecture, letter, book), the lack of references to the texts involved, and by reference to the stilted types of the current social and political agenda. Contrary to the objectivity of the author’s analysis, the publication is a “structuralism from the first person”. But in a way Smulyanskii shares both advantages and illusions of those authors, whose conceptions he would like to get rid of impoverishing receptions.

On the basis of results of the all-Russian polls executed with assistance of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-78-30029 “Cognitive mechanisms and discourse strategies of overcoming socio-cultural threats in historical dynamics. A multidisciplinary research”) in 2019 and in 2020, some aspects of transformation of social well-being of the population in the conditions of COVID-2019 pandemic were analyzed. Considering the spread of coronavirus infection as a social threat, revealing shifts in the assessment of the economic and political situation in Russia, in the self-assessment of their own well-being, confidence in the future and in the attitude to the population to power, it was concluded that the mood of citizens was shifting into a negative direction, which was determined by a number of circumstances of objective and subjective nature. The study found that the highest degree of anxiety among Russians is still caused by socio-economic issues. At the same time, the coronavirus pandemic has increased society’s demand for an adequate state response to such extreme situations. When comparing the opinions of respondents about effectiveness of the activities of regional and federal executive authorities during a pandemic, the authors come to the conclusion that regional and local authorities are growing in trust and popularity, which is associated with the transfer of responsibility for resisting coronavirus to the level of subjects of the Russian Federation.

The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, which swept the entire world community in 2020, has made strong adjustments in almost all spheres of life, but first of all, in health care. The great majority of the medical staff at the onset of the pandemic had no clinical experience with the COVID-19 patients. In addition to the lack of practical skills in treatment for the period of the onset of mass infections, doctors faced great physical and emotional stress.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the questionnaires results from among nursing staff in SRC Burnasyan FMBC in 2018 and 2020. The research results show that in the process of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19 in the professional motivation of doctors some changes took place towards personal motivation associated with serving and helping people.

The article considers social mobility as a set of individual aspirations in the paradigm of value-oriented vectors of society development. The concept of multidimensional social mobility deepens and expands the understanding of those complex socio-cultural, economic and political phenomena that, on the one hand, underlie mobility, and on the other, are its result.

The article also proposes the author’s model “The pyramid of the choice motivation”, considers the possible horizons for planning individual social mobility and its nature on the basis of three levels of the formation of the motivational repertoire of mobility within the individual social space.

The article shows approaches to the studying the children’s reading from the standpoint of gender socialization. There are major differences between the girls’ and boys’ reading due to several factors. The reading specifics of girls and boys in primary and secondary school age are given on the basis of data from sociological studies conducted in the last decade by sociologists of the Russian State Children’s Library.

Based on the peer-reviewed scientific monograph by I.O. Shevchenko, the article presents an analytical review of the social practices of fatherhood in modern Russian society, the phenomenon of lonely fatherhood that is least studied in the sociological community, as well as the issue of divorced fathers and stepfathers. Against the background of many years of sociological research, among the most important issues in the monograph the following are highlighted: Russians’ ideas about fathers and fatherhood; social practices of fatherhood; aisespaternity in families of various structural types.

The book shows the evolution of the meanings of paternity as claimed by men of different ages, married and divorced. It defines the anthropological and biological, personal, socio-economic, spiritual, gender meanings of fatherhood and presents the models of paternity: an impersonal father, an authoritarian father, a kind father.

The author of the monograph raises an issue of the importance of the father in the life of the child and also manages through analysis of 830 essays written by schoolchildren to build a “live” dialogue between fathers and children. Moreover based on 47 in-depth interviews the topic of fathers and children in difficult situations of family breakdown is raised. An image of the substitute father – stepfather is considered, the types of their behavior in relation to the adopted child are highlighted: active, neutral, and passive. The topic of lonely fatherhood, stereotypes of modern society in relation to single fathers is touched upon. Finally, among the original plots of the monograph, one can note: the creation of the father’s image in cinema and the analysis of the network communities of fathers.

The author of the article concludes that the phenomenon of paternity is multifaceted and contradictory in modern Russian society and that there is the need for its further study in the direction proposed in the reviewed scientific monograph.

For the first time in Russian science the article considers a project of the architectural monument to Dante Alighieri, the Italian medieval poet, conceived by artist Cesare Laurenti in the beginning of the 20^th century, but never built. One of the main features of that monument was that it was inspired by the mausoleum project attributed to Leonardo da Vinci. The author of the article studies the cultural context in which Cesare Laurenti worked and which influenced his choice of the idea and its embodiment. Particular attention is given to ideological transformation of the project through time.

The article deals with such a cultural phenomenon as the post-corporeity, that is, what has replaced the traditional practice of bodily interactions and sensations, as a result of the temporary total creative drift of culture into cyberspace. Virtual theater experiments represent a complete subtraction, the exclusion of the actor’s and audience’s body from the dramatic text, the demarcation of the sensory and tactile base of the performance itself. The post-drama emphasis on visualization has been replaced by a new round of verbalization, where the story is forced to shorten in favor of the brevity of the virtual genre due to technological difficulties. Digital theater offers to discover the erogenous zones of the virtual body in order to freely respond to the cyber-desires of the viewer.

At present, there is a lot of information about the court artists and the court art of the Qing dynasty (1636–1912), but there is fragmentary information only about the art academy at the court, in which artists and craftsmen worked. The article attempts to systematize information about the functioning of the court art structure during the 276 years of the dynasty’s existence, since there is no mentioning in the historical documents about a single permanent art organization as such; with the change of ruler, the place of activity of the court artists also changed, information about those structures is very scant. The article identifies three stages in the functioning of the court art structure, makes an attempt to describe the principles of admission to the academy, the differences in ranks and remuneration, it also describes the character of the remuneration and punishment of court artists and besides introduces a new terminology.