The article is a preface to a previously unknown text by A.A. Vaneev (1922–1985), a disciple and follower of L.P. Karsavin (1882–1952), author of the book “Two Years in Abezi”, containing a philosophical portrait of the Russian religious philosopher. “Letters to the Teacher” became one of the first attempts of Vaneev to comprehend and present the ideas of Lev Karsavin, learned by the disciple as a result of long communication with his eminent interlocutor. Already that early text testifies to the philosophical sensitivity and gift of independent thought of Anatoly Vaneev, a recent convinced materialist, a pupil of the Soviet anti-religious education system.

The meeting with Karsavin and immersion in his works led Vaneev to his own topics – clarifying the positive meaning of atheism and identifying the features of a new religiosity that has latently absorbed modern atheism. The article briefly analyzes the meaning of the idea of the heuristic meaning of dogmatics, as something most essential for understanding the reflections of both thinkers.

The article discusses some aspects of the linguo-philosophical position of Vasily Pavlovich Zubov (1900–1963). That position is based on the original Palamism reception and understanding of some provisions in the onomatodoxy problematics. It is shown that for Zubov’s linguo – philosophy it is important to affirm the transcendental Pre-Eternal Name of God, which is directly connected with the uncreated divine energy. At the same time, according to Zubov, the Eternal Name of God is in a dialectical relationship with His created “hidden” names, which imply the expression of God’s uncreated plan of creation in the created language. The gnosiological “attainment” of the Eternal Name is possible, according to Zubov, due to the communicative-pragmatic dimension of language. The paper also shows that the perception of the created natural language for Zubov is associated with the identification of its conventionality and metaphoricity. At the same time, one of the types of metaphors, designated by Zubov as a myth, contains a connection between the conventional and non-conventional (ideal) dimensions of linguistic reality. According to the conducted analysis, it was concluded that the linguo-philosophical position of Vasily Pavlovich Zubov is close to the linguo-philosophical version of the Alexei Fedorovich Losev’s onomatodoxy comprehension and, to a much lesser extent, of Father Pavel Florensky.

Poetics – a thing following ethics. That both philosophical and poetical formula belongs to Sigizmund Krzhizhanovsky. Any creative word, if it exists as a Word, holds an individual in being in all the disintegrations of cultural and social systems. But if the language space itself transforms into a paragraph, a subparagraph or clause emptied of meaning, man loses his reader-interlocutor and himself as an interlocutor either. The article studies a philosophical and poetical answer of Krzhizhanovsky on such ravage of culture as both creative and simply human environment that was perceived especially acute in Russia in the end of 1920-s.

In the 1990s, Russian sociology made up for the lack of knowledge of Western and pre-revolutionary Russian sociology. The study of Western sociology brought the understanding that there is no well-proportioned building of Western theoretical sociology. Comprehending the results of the reforms, which contradicted the predictions of Russian sociologists, and comparing them with the works of the classics of sociology led to a change in the views of Russian sociologists. Therefore, in the mid-1990s, some Russian sociologists raised the question of creating a theory of post-Soviet society.

In such conditions, an article by A.F. Filippov appeared, in which it was argued that there is no theoretical sociology in Russia, the question of creating a national sociology in Russia was raised, the principles of a “good” theory were considered.

The article provoked discussions in the sociological community for two decades. Opinions ranged from full support of A.F. Filippov’s theses to denial of the need for theoretical sociology in Russia. It was important to reject the statement about the non-existence of theoretical sociology in Russia, and that gave impetus to the development of new theories.

The article presents the results of socio-economic studies for the first half of the 20th century, revealing the actual state of industrial production, revealing socially significant challenges in the economic sphere. It shows various directions in the search for their scenario solutions, based on the use of various classifications of forecasts for the socio-economic development of the Soviet country, carried out by S.G. Strumilin. The predictions are compared with the realities in various fields in order to try to take a fresh look at the viability and relevance of the proposed long-term trends in the historical and current context taking into account modern requirements.

Social skills and personal qualities formed by secondary schools do not meet the expectations of employers who give a job to school graduates without a professional education. The article considers the competence approach as a way to study and bring together the attitudes of school teachers and the employers in interdisciplinary competencies that a school graduate must have in order to find a job. The empirical basis for identifying competencies is the data of expert interviews with employers.

A questionnaire survey of teachers and representatives of the labor market revealed a high degree of coincidence of their positions on what a school must give to its graduates. The teachers and the employers also have almost equally ranked the list of competencies related to everyday professional duties. The results of the study indicate a different understanding of the essence of competencies, if it concerns everyone personally, and the existence of a sociocultural stereotype of competence perception for all respondents. Such stereotype significantly limits the possibilities of using competencies as a means of identifying differences in various social groups expectations, and as a means of coordinating their positions.

The article aims to show the various sides of the teaching profession, to determine the features of professional training in that field of human activity. Using the methodology of M. Weber, the author reveals the reasons for the influence of a teacher on his students, associated with the preservation of traditions, special personal charisma, as well as business competencies. Proposing to divide teachers into two groups (by vocation and by profession), the author touches on a sore subject that caused a wide public discussion – the attribution of education to the service sector. To determine the specifics of the profession, the sociotechnological approach proposed by Zh.T. Toshchenko, according to which the intellectual, sensory-perceptual, organizational and moral components of the teacher’s personality are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the importance of motivation in choosing the profession of a teacher. Notably the internal motives associated with the awareness of one’s vocation and abilities for teaching communication with children that create the necessary positive attitude to engage in pedagogical activities. Finally, the article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of modern teacher training in classical and pedagogical universities.

The article analyzes the issues of work training (internship) for students getting educated in the areas of “man-sign”. In accordance with the socio-technological approach, a “man-sign” is an integral element of “mancreativity” and is distinguished by the creation and use of various sign systems. The paper analyzes the areas of study – design and architecture. To do so, the author solves the following tasks: 1) to analyze the scientific literature on the issues of work training (internship) in the field of design and architecture; 2) to identify universities that provide training in the specified specialties (profiles) of education; 3) to select universities for subsequent analysis of the features of work training (internship) in the specified specialties (profiles) of education; 4) conduct a series of in-depth interviews with employed graduates who were trained in the specified specialties (profiles) of education. The data obtained do not allow speaking about a cardinal deterioration or improvement in the state of affairs in the field of work practice. Nevertheless, the author identifies a number of issues including a shortened practice for a bachelor’s degree in architecture, limited practice bases, irrelevance and inconsistency of curricula and other educational documents on the websites of universities. In addition, during in-depth interviews, general and specific (characteristic only for designers and architects) issues of the effectiveness of production practices were also identified.

The interaction between a painter and his donator as a phenomenon of art history gives many opportunities to the research of social aspect of art. A private customer was isolated from any government institution such as the Academy of Painting and Sculpture. He did not pretend to be a connoisseur or adviser of painters but he had individual taste for art and his personally developed demands for it. As a field for dialog between painter and his patrons the portraiture appeared to become one of the most sought-after genres in 18^th-century French society. The article aims to highlight a taste of an average French customer of the time showing how he wished to see himself and his loved ones on the canvas, what attributes he preferred to surround his person, how the client’s wishes coordinated with the creative ambitions and individual creative style of the artist were realized in the finished works .The author focuses on perception of the portrait painting by customers and some persons responsible to shaping and development of the ‘Academic doctrine’. The author of the article attentively scrutinized a wide gamut of sources, written by theoretical, critics, and connoisseurs, in which the tastes of private individuals and the painters who please them are subjected to a detailed critique. So the 18^th-century portrait painting is produced as a result of collaboration of painters and private customers whose identity, formed under a social and cultural impact, needed adequate expression in the arts.

The article is a consideration of “Portrait of O.K. Filippova” – the first known female image in the art of Vladimir Lukich Borovikovsky (1757–1825). The object of the research is the definition of distinctive features in the artistic manner and principles of the portrait characteristic at the very beginning of the master’s work. The matter of the portrait conception’s origins calls for comparison with the art of F.S. Rokotov: in the scientific literature it is customary to establish the continuity between rococo art and sentimentalism on the example of the best portrait painters in those periods. The comparison of “Portrait of O.K. Filippova” with the most famous work of F.S. Rokotov – “Portrait of A.P. Struyskaya” – gives an opportunity to rethink the existing tradition in the historiography of Russian art of 18^th century. Notable distinctions are present in all elements of portrait conception characteristic of both painters: typological principles, compositional means, painting devices and technical features. That conclusion casts doubt on the widespread thesis about the stylistic continuity between rococo and sentimentalism and demonstrates the need for further research on the issue on a wider sample of works.

The article deals with the history of the creation, iconography, and style of a family icon of the Piramidovs nobles from Kaluga. According to the inscription on its back the reason for ordering was Olga Piramidova’s satisfaction at the court claim. That event took place at the end of 1800. Based on historical evidence the litigation can be associated with the “Pyramidovs’ case”. The iconographic program of the monument is typical for the noble taste: the patronal saints of the family members are depicted with dialogical express in their figures. The images of St. Luke and St. Philip reflect the memorial character of the icon, since their ecclesiastical commemoration coincided with beginning and the end of the court case. Careful analysis of those and other details helps to understand the principles of identity formation scenarios and memory strategies among the Russian provincial nobility. Thanks to precise dating and a confirmed connection to a noble family permanently residing in Kaluga province, the icon becomes an important point of reference in determining the distinctive stylistic features of certain Kaluga icons. Through a series of analogies, a stylistically unified group is formed, oriented towards samples of late Moscow Baroque and associated with the aesthetic preferences of the nobility.